Wednesday, October 30, 2019
The Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
The Law - Essay Example When Arthur is discharged from hospital he discovers that the landlord of his flat, which he was occupying before the accident, has let the flat to another tenant. Arthur applies to the Local Authority for alternative accommodation but is told that he fails to come within the statutory definition of homlessness. In the above there are several issues that need to be discussed on order to be able to discuss the legal actions that might result from the scenario. The issues that require examination are unfair dismissal with regard to the dismissal from work and dangerous driving on the part of Barry. With regard to the injuries of Arthur caused in the accident there needs to be a discussion on the chain of causation to determine whether Barry should be held liable for the suffering caused or whether Arthur has a claim against the doctor for the negligent treatment. In respect of the flat there needs to be a discussion on breach of contract and unlawful eviction as the landlord has let the flat to someone else in breach of the tenancy agreement. In respect of the homelessness there needs to be an examination of the Housing Act 1996 to determine why Arthur is not regarded as legally homeless. Unfair dismissal as is suggested is when an employer dismisses an employee without good reason. In some instances unfair dismissal can be regarded as automatically unfair. This might be the case in situations where the employer has not followed a proper dismissal procedure before dismissing the employee1. In some claims for unfair dismissal the employee has to have worked for the employer for at least a year whereas in other case the year rule does not apply. In recent times the law has been changed by placing statutory requirements on the employer before the employee can be dismissed. Previous legislation used to regard the employee more as a servant to the employer than a contributing member of the workforce2. Section 94 of the Employment Rights Act
Monday, October 28, 2019
Traffic Movie Essay Example for Free
Traffic Movie Essay I felt that the movie, â€Å"Traffic†(Soderbergh, 2000), was very informative on the subject of drugs. I was able to see three different stories concerning drugs and the drug trade, including the drug dealers, the people who abuse them and the narcotics officers who are paid to get rid of them. Each story was able to peak my interest, and taught me something different about the drug scene and some of the people they destroy.            I found it shocking to realize just how powerful the effects of drug dealing can be on the family of individuals who take up selling drugs, as their choice in careers.            When Carlos Ayala was arrested, his pregnant wife, Helena didn’t realize what was going on. I felt bad for her, knowing she had the baby to care for and when she is threatened by Carlos’s associates and followed by DEA agents, it was hard to believe that she fell into the same trap as her husband.            Helena’s choice in taking over her husband’s business didn’t seem like a very good idea. I figured that she would have learned what can happen to a person who deals drugs, by watching the events that occurred when Carlos was dealing drugs.            I thought that Michael Douglas was perfect for the role he played as the judge, who is head of the President’s Office of National Drug Control. It was surprising that such an important person, such as a judge, who was paid to deal with drug dealers and abusers, so often, would have a young daughter who would be victimized by drug use. It shows that drugs can destroy many different types of people.            Crack cocaine is such a strong drug and it was hard to believe that Caroline, the judge’s daughter, would dare try such a dangerous drug.            Caroline and her boyfriend, I felt were going too far when they tried to dump their friend at the hospital, after they had overdosed on drugs. It showed that their fear of being caught for using drugs, and possibly being arrested was more important to them than remaining with their friend, who could possibly die from taking too many drugs.            In the third story, I felt the interrogation of Eduardo Ruiz was insane. Ruiz was ready to rat out his friend to save his own skin, which shows how being involved in the drug trade can cause you to turn on anyone, at anytime. It’s very frightening to think about how many horrible things can occur from using or dealing with illegal narcotics, but it is very educational and teaches about the hardships of drug activity from all walks of life.            Drugs were responsible for changing so many lives in this movie and some of them could have been so happy, if they wouldn’t have chosen the wrong path and resorted to greed and addiction.            Overall, I think this movie was worth watching and I feel that everyone could learn so much about the bad effects of drugs on our society. Some of the scenes aren’t appropriate for smaller children, but I think it’s a good idea for teenagers and adults to watch this movie so they can see what can happen if you have anything to do with illegal narcotics.            I felt that â€Å"Traffic†was a very good movie and I would recommend that parents allow their teenagers to watch this movie and learn from other’s mistakes.                                                   Reference Page Soderbergh, Steven. (2000).â€Å"Traffic†Polygram USA Video.
Saturday, October 26, 2019
Arguments of Christopher Browning versus Daniel John Goldhagen Regardin
Arguments of Christopher Browning versus Daniel John Goldhagen Regarding The German View of the Holocaust The arguments of Christopher Browning and Daniel John Goldhagen contrast greatly based on the underlining meaning of the Holocaust to ordinary Germans. Why did ordinary citizens participate in the process of mass murder? Christopher Browning examines the history of a battalion of the Order Police who participated in mass shootings and deportations. He debunks the idea that these ordinary men were simply coerced to kill but stops short of Goldhagen's simplistic thesis. Browning uncovers the fact that Major Trapp offered at one time to excuse anyone from the task of killing who was "not up to it." Despite this offer, most of the men chose to kill anyway. Browning's traces how these murderers gradually became less "squeamish" about the killing process and delves into explanations of how and why people could behave in such a manner. Goldhagen's book however, has the merit of opening up a new perspective on ways of viewing the Holocaust, and it is the first to raise crucial questions about the extent to which eliminationist anti-Semitism was present among the German population as a whole. Using extensive testimonies from the perpetrators themselves, it offers a chilling insight into the mental and cognitive structures of hundreds of Germans directly involved in the killing operations. Anti-Semitism plays a primary factor in the argument from Goldhagen, as it is within his belief that anti-Semitism "more or less governed the ideational life of civil society" in pre-Nazi Germany . Goldhagen stated that a "Demonological anti-Semitism, of the virulent racial variety, was the common structure of the perpetrators' cognit... ...d in is own home. He was found by Soviet men in his home and taken to Siberia, because he was too young, in their point of view, to not be a member of the Nazi party. This is a man that Goldhagen cannot say is a fanatic anti-Semite and because of his own story to me I cannot deem the entire German population to be Goldhagen's 'ordinary Germans'. It is not an easy debate and will probably never be one but I would hope that someone could see that we cannot say something about an entire population. We would have to look at each member individually and then I am sure that we would find that some were those 'ordinary men', that Browning believed and some were the 'ordinary Germans' that Goldhagen believed in. Bibliography: Browning, Christopher R., Ordinary Men. Harper Perennial,New York, 1993 Goldhagen, Daniel Jonah. Random House, Inc. New York, 1996
Thursday, October 24, 2019
I Am Proud to Be An American Soldier Essay -- I Am Happy To Be A Soldi
The United States has long been known for having a military presence that few would dare to challenge. The catalyst has not been in having billions in defense funds, it has not been in having huge weapons of mass destruction, it is the heart and spirit of the soldier. I am very proud to be a part of this long and proud tradition of upholding the ideals set forth in the U.S. Constitution. It is something that I would recommend to all willing and able college students. It instills a sense of pride and satisfaction that is matched by no other. As a soldier, there are many options as far as what type of soldier you wish to be. It is similar to choosing a career in the civilian world. The first step in this process is choosing your military branch. There are four main branches in the military; the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marines.      The Army is the branch that I chose. The Army is the largest branch, in terms of the number of soldiers, with an impressive five hundred thousand soldiers on active duty, five-hundred thousand in the Reserves, and three-hundred thousand in the National Guard. The Army is responsible for the majority of land combat in a War. These soldiers are also trained to occupy other countries if necessary (Iraq, Afghanistan, and Mogadishu.) In peace time, the Army’s main deterrent of other country’s aggression is its large presence throughout the world. There are deployed soldiers in over one-hundred countries at any certain time, along with huge ship...
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
My Little Pony Essay
There has been a recent social development concerning a very well-known series of toys, and a cartoon that has been airing for decades; namely, My Little Pony. Hasbro has marketed the line of toys since the early 1980s and along with that, created a cartoon, targeted toward toddlers and young girls. The cartoon has aired many different generations and adaptations of the show from 1984 to present. Since then, My Little Pony has been popular among the younger female audiences. (Bellis 1) A following has emerged with the creation of a new adaptation of the cartoon, called My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic. The following originated from the internet; in particular, on internet forums where people discuss cartoons. The following figure shows the amount of threads per days posted between just October 2010 and February 2011. However, these posts have not been made from young girls, like the supposed target audience Hasbro has aimed for, but from older men and women, ranging from young adults to full-grown adults. Male fans of the show have begun to call themselves ‘bronies’ as a name that combines the word ‘bro’ and ‘pony’. Females have picked up the term ‘pegasisters’ as a more female term to describe a fan of the new series. There are many people that have noticed the increase in popularity of the show through media like news channels and internet articles. These people exert differing perspectives on why exactly older audiences have decided to create a massive subculture in the realm of My Little Pony. The first perspective comes from the perception begun by people who aren’t fans of the new My Little Pony series. ‘Looking in’ from ‘outside’ the following, they view it as juvenile, and as they notice the increase of male fans of the show, quickly gather the opinion that male fans of My Little Pony are using the show to suppress homosexual thoughts due to the feminine qualities of the show. A second perspective, made by males and females, usually ones who are fans of the cartoon, claim that they legitimately enjoy it because they find it clever, witty, funny, and cute. A relevant third perspective is that the cultural reemergence has come from the irony built into the juxtaposition of a show that has primarily targeted towards young females, and the unexpected older male following. The viewpoint that fans of the show are juvenile and that male fans are homosexual is to be expected. In a society where the term ‘gay’ was once popularly considered to mean ‘un-cool’, or ‘stupid’, there’s no doubt that there would be an attack on something that combined a male and a subject that is targeted toward females. Chuck D. Finley puts this viewpoint into an easy-to-read perspective in his article entitled: The My Little Pony Abomination: What is a Bronie and Why They Make God Cry. In this article, he states: â€Å"The sad fact is that many fathers today wish to spend time with their children, they will sit down to watch the cartoon with their daughters. And that is when they have got you. †Other statements in his article include name-calling and blatant hate for anything regarding following of the cartoon. Not only does this article ridicule the following for My Little Pony, but it radicalizes a level of dislike towards others who enjoy the show. Another viewpoint comes from the fans and their love for the cartoon. Of course, they are aware of themselves and of how popular the show is becoming. To contrast from a wide belief held by people who hold the previous perspective, this perspective doesn’t only include male fans. It also includes females. Nor does this perspective hold a gender stereotype upon itself on the reason why an older audience adores the new My Little Pony series. The viewpoint is rather simple, they like the cartoon because they enjoy it. People who watch the cartoon find the characters funny, clever, and relatable. (SquadSix)The creator of the current generation of My Little Pony, Lauren Faust, helped to support this claim in a general message. She was asked by someone â€Å"What do you think about the weird cult of manchildren [again, in reference to the first perspective, specifying male fans] called ‘bronies’ that worship you? †Her response was as follows: Hi [Constitutional], In general, I am still inspired by bronies. As a group, they have not succumbed to society’s pressure that young men must hold contempt on anything feminine no matter what. They’ve been able to see beyond the preconceived notions that they were most likely raised with to judge something for it’s merit. (Faust) So, Lauren Faust has shown support for the following of this series, no matter what age or what gender it may include. She explains an opposing side of the aforementioned perspective that being a fan of My Little Pony is ridiculous. That side includes the fact that the strains and expectations of gender stereotypes are loosened in favour of a more general approach where attraction to the show is independent of other perspectives. A more abstract viewpoint for why there is a large cultural following is that it’s ironic. Some people think that an older audience enjoying the show is somewhat of a counterculture. And therefore, by that logic, going against society’s norms of gender and age will promote an evolution of culture, where social norms are essentially broken. This type of mass following ignites something new and different in one’s understanding for what ‘culture’ is. This perspective holds that these broken reigns of social norms may be part of the excitement for fans that enjoy the cartoon. Through these few perspectives we can see that there are different reasons that people have given as to why there is an emergence of the popularity of My Little Pony, specifically, the new tv series, My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic. There are some who hate the following of the show and think that the male fans are watching it for suppression of homosexuality. Then there are the fans who like the show simply because they think it’s a good show to watch. And then there are others who hold the perspective that the following is a collective attempt at creating a counterculture through the previously mentioned ironic qualities. These different perspectives help to create a flourishing exploration on why such a cultural phenomenon has appeared.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Hiroshima essays
Hiroshima essays Hiroshima is a story of six people who lived through the greatest single man made disaster in history. In this story each of the six people relive their own story on August 6, 1945, at exactly fifteen minutes past eight in the morning Japanese time. Each persons view of the first ever war to use an atomic bomb is a devastating sight. Through their eyes, the reality of the magnitude this bomb brought is reasonably understood by the graphical details that are given. Through reading this book and these peoples accounts of this great disaster I have come to realize what a nuclear war could result into if precautions are not taken not only by the civilians but also more importantly by the head of our country. Miss Toshiko Sasaki, a twenty- year old clerk, had just sat down in her office when the atomic bomb had hit Hiroshima. She had just finished putting some things away in her drawers and shifting through some papers. As she turned her head to say something to a girl, the room was filled with a blinding light. Being paralyzed by fear and still fixed in her chair for a long moment, everything fell and Miss Sasaki lost consciousness. The ceiling had dropped and the floor above had collapsed heaving the people above down with the roof. All of the bookcases behind her swooped forward and threw her down twisting her left leg while pinning it down as well as her body up to her breasts. Miss Sasaki ended up living through this finally being released from the hospital over a year later with a crippled leg. Dr. Masakazu Fujii had just sat down cross-legged about to read the Osaka Asahi on the porch of his private hospital overhanging one of the seven rivers in Hiroshima. Then he recalls a bright yellow flash. He jumped to his feet and at that moment, the hospital leaned behind his rising and, with a terrible ripping noise toppled into the river. The doctor was thrown forward and around and over losing track where he w...
Monday, October 21, 2019
No Child Left Behind
No Child Left Behind Purpose Students with severe disabilities need special education to ensure that â€Å"No Child Left Behind†policy provisions are fulfilled. As a result, educators should use evidence-based instructional strategies to ensure that students with disabilities demonstrate educational progress during yearly assessment as provided in the NCLB educational provisions.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on No Child Left Behind specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The US educational policy requires schools to demonstrate that students in grade 3 through 8 make adequate yearly progress (AYP) towards proficiency in mathematics and literacy. However, demonstrating AYP and evaluating progress on academic content standards for students with disabilities is challenging. Browder and Cooper-Duffy (2003) argue that â€Å"although research is now emerging on states’ alternate assessment practices, many questions remain about how best to measure the progress of students with severe disabilities on state academic standards (p. 157). The purpose of this research is to determine evidence-based practices that educators can use to teach students with severe disabilities to enable them show adequate yearly progress (AYP) as well as progress in academic content standards. In addressing the research topic, the authors reviewed numerous literatures with information about the educational needs of students with disabilities. They conducted the study with the intention to identify evidence-based instructional support that students with disabilities need to demonstrate annual progress. Design Throughout the study, the researchers used secondary research strategy to address the research objectives. They evaluated the previous literatures that address various empirical research studies on evidence-based practices for students with severe disabilities in relation to NCLB provisions. To begin with, the authors evaluated and compared research on skills acquisition for students with disabilities. Second, the researchers evaluated the literature on instructional strategies that promote the students’ adequate annual progress. They discovered that numerous studies exist that demonstrate that students with disabilities can acquire skill through mastering technique (Horner, Carr, Halle, McGee, Odom, Wolery, 2005). Team planning was identified as another core aspect that promotes annual progress for students with disabilities. Finally, the researchers assessed the literature on evidence-based practices that would ensure that students with disabilities achieve learning objectives successfully (Browder Cooper-Duffy, 2003). The findings on evidence-based strategies for teaching students with disabilities were compiled, compared, and the conclusions were derived based on the empirical results.Advertising Looking for book review on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper w ith 15% OFF Learn More Findings and Conclusions The data from the studies indicated that educators can use evidence-based practices to promote skill acquisition and learning for students with disabilities. The use of instructional support for which scientific evidence has been obtained was found to play an important role in enhancing learning for students with disabilities (Odom, 2005). This study concentrated on two aspects of instructional support namely: how skills are defined and how skills are taught (Browder Cooper-Duffy, 2003). The researchers discovered that defining skills aligned with academic content standards required educators to employ the research foundation available for functional skills. This approach mainly targets skills mastery whereby the targeted skill can include a chained response, a pivotal response, or a single, discrete response. Furthermore, the authors discovered that the yearly process assessment for students with severe disabilities c an be attained by focusing on specific responses that are taught to mastery. In addition, it was found that students with disabilities need individualized instruction besides cooperative learning activities to cement their academic understanding, and enable them to meet expectations for yearly progress. The research provides that the use of assistive technology can enable students with disabilities expand their use of symbolic communication that is related to mathematics, science, and reading. The authors also found that the students’ yearly progress can be enhanced through augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) (Browder Cooper-Duffy, 2003). Lastly, the study discovered that the instructors can use time delays to teach students with severe disabilities how to arrange objects and match them to the pictures on a communication board for request generation. This was identified as an example of self-instructional strategy that students with disabilities could use to per form family routines without assistance (Odom, 2005). The article provides a snapshot of the evidence-based practices for students with severe disabilities in relation to NCLB requirements. The study did not show clearly how the states would define progress for students with severe cognitive disabilities relating to the state standards in academics. Therefore, the research leaves gaps that will need to be studied in the future. Critique This article provides evidence-based strategies for teaching students with disabilities from previous empirical studies. Although the strategies are discussed in depth, it would be better if the researchers conducted primary research to determine the teachers’ experiences and collect raw data for evaluation and analysis.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on No Child Left Behind specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the evidence-based practices provided in the article coul d be beneficial and provide a solid foundation for future research on evidence-based practices for students with severe disabilities in relation to NCLB provisions. The article provides that students with severe disabilities can acquire skills in a general educational class through cooperation, but it does not provide insight on evidence-based practices that could apply to students with multiple cognitive disabilities (Browder Cooper-Duffy, 2003). Through this article, educators can identify the evidence based practices they may employ in teaching students with severe disabilities and enhance their learning. I concur with the suggestions that the use of augmentative alternative communication, time delays activities, and assistive technologies are among the evidence-based educational strategies that can promote the instruction of students with severe disabilities. References Browder, M.D., Cooper-Duffy, K. (2003). Evidence-based practices for students with severe disabilities and t he requirement for accountability in â€Å"No Child Left Behind†. The Journal of Special Education, 7(3): 157-163. Horner, R. H., Carr, E.G., Halle, J., McGee, G., Odom, S., Wolery, M. (2005). The use of single-subject research to identify evidence-based practice in special education. Exceptional Children, 71(2), 165-179. Odom, S.L. (2005). Research in special education: Scientific methods and evidence-based practices. Exceptional Children, 71(2), 137-148.
Sunday, October 20, 2019
5 Sentence-Folding Fixes
5 Sentence-Folding Fixes 5 Sentence-Folding Fixes 5 Sentence-Folding Fixes By Mark Nichol Does your last piece of writing feel flat, static, repetitive? Is a soporific sentence rhythm dulling your edge? Combining sentences is an easy solution for making your prose flow more smoothly and briskly. 1. â€Å"The logging practices of the time were extraordinarily wasteful. They involved cutting and then burning in order to clear the logged area of limbs and other forest debris.†The second sentence neatly folds into the first between the subject and the verb: â€Å"The logging practices of the time, which involved cutting and then burning in order to clear the logged area of limbs and other forest debris, were extraordinarily wasteful.†2. â€Å"Smith completed his report in September 1950. It represented five years of work.†The second, shorter sentence here is easily folded into the first, but how it should be done depends on the emphasis. If the duration of the project should be emphasized, then work the completion date into a parenthetical phrase: â€Å"Smith’s report, completed in September 1950, represented five years of work.†If the completion date is more important, parenthesize the project duration: â€Å"Smith’s report, representing five years of work, was completed in September 1950.†In either case, reserve the more important information for the end of the sentence. 3. â€Å"The book’s author, Jane Smith, was a well-established, award-winning author. Jones and his advisers tried hard but failed to keep the book from being published.†The information about Smith, which follows a first reference to the book in question, is the kind of detail that is important but does not merit a separate sentence. However, if the preceding sentence is already complex (as was the case here), work it parenthetically into the next reference to the book: â€Å"Jones and his advisers tried hard but failed to keep the book, written by Jane Smith, a well-established, award-winning author, from being published.†(This is a natural fit, because the author’s status likely had some impact on the failure to suppress the book’s publication.) The sentence could be further compressed by inserting the writer’s qualities before her name, rather than after it: â€Å"Jones and his advisers tried hard but failed to keep the book, written by well-established, award-winning author Jane Smith, from being published.†4. â€Å"They needed $40,000 to qualify their bid proposal. To raise that amount, they wrote to people who had visited the area.†The combine these sentences, simply replace â€Å"that amount,†the second reference to the monetary figure, with the first reference, and adjust the syntax of the first statement: â€Å"To raise the $40,000 they needed to qualify their bid proposal, they wrote to people who had visited the area.†5. â€Å"The new bill was 157 pages long and described 150 projects in more than 200 congressional districts in forty-four states. The total cost was a tidy $1.8 billion.†Forms of the lifeless verb â€Å"to be†(is, was, were, and so on) serve as red flags marking sentences that merit revision. The classic fix for the two-sentence template â€Å"This was that. This was that.†follows: Replace the first â€Å"to be†verb with a comma, and change the form of the second verb and replace the period with another comma; these actions convert what follows was in the first sentence into a parenthetical phrase. Then, jettison the first two words of the second sentence and the second â€Å"to be†verb, which transforms cost from a noun to a verb: â€Å"The new bill, 157 pages long and describing 150 projects in more than 200 congressional districts in forty-four states, cost a tidy $1.8 billion.†Find more examples of how to combine sentences in this post. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:10 Grammar Mistakes You Should AvoidHow to Play HQ Words: Cheats, Tips and TricksWhile vs. Whilst
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Managing Human Resources Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
Managing Human Resources - Coursework Example man resource management has changed its role from primarily administrative to a more influencing and facilitating position with an aim of adopting a commercial approach to HRM. Human Resources Management is business today is the hardest duty of a manager as coordination of capabilities of humans is central to the business’s achievement of the set goals. However, HR manager is faced with challenges as humans are constantly in conflict with their psychology, assumptions, aspirations and attitudes. HRM involves activities such as development strategies, employee training, coordination of employee benefits, performance management and recruiting and hiring employees (Tichy, Fombrum and Devanna, 1982). Although both human resource management and personal management are concepts involved with management of human labor in an organization, there are notable differences between the two concepts. Personal management is a traditional style while HRM is the new and modern version. Personal management is more inclined to focus on labor relations, employee welfare and personnel administration as opposed to motivation and sustainability and acquisition and development of human resources. During the 1990s when the concept of HRM took root in organizations, the two concepts were interchangeably used to mean the same things. However, social and economic development in the structure of organizations since 1990s have seen the evolution of HRM in order to cope with the needs of the ever changing business environment. Key areas of distinction between HRM and personal management can be examined in relation to leadership and management roles, contract of employment, job design and pay policy and the nature of relations. HRM has been described as a concept that takes two different forms; hard and soft HRM. The soft model is concerned with the humans and their self-direction with a view of emphasizing centrally on self- regulating behavior, trust and commitment. On the other hand, the
Friday, October 18, 2019
The Lived Experience of Ordinary People Assignment
The Lived Experience of Ordinary People - Assignment Example In present times America is facing various challenges, but the big challenge facing the federal government is maintenance of security and safety among the American citizens. President Barrack Obama demand for the American troops number in Iraq to be brought down. This as he estimates will increase the chances of Americas in fighting these terrorists around the world and the Al Qaeda as well (Berkowitz & Dewitt, 2013). Diplomacy and development issue key issues to improve as they are two major factors of their national security plan, and to make sure that their procedures of intelligence collection and analysis are assisting them in facing their enemies. In the past years security and safety were still challenge to the America federal government since they amended security bills with the motive of keeping the level of security of the country high (Piszkiewicz, 2003). This means that maintenance of security and safety of the people is quit s task that the American government has not yet achieved fully. For instance in 1960 July 1st The social security administration’s Woodlawn headquarters were dictated. The solution to these was to just recruit more troops for the sake of the country’s
Semiotics(symbolism) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Semiotics(symbolism) - Essay Example David stood up to the Philistine giant, Goliath, as Cuba stood up to the imperialist giant, America. The girl with the wooden doll is a symbol of proletariat simplicity and innocence (supporting the David metaphor), standing up to all that threatens and embracing the seed of the future. African dance and the Beatles were seen as potential distractions from revolutionary focus, just as they are seen by various religious groups today as sinful distractions from Christian focus. The absolute present of the material images that engulfed Edmundo, separating him from the hustle and bustle of New York City, might suggest the way a church acts as sanctuary and a place set apart, an embassy of God and spiritual presence. His reference to patriotic hymns and his repeated use of the term redemption also support this. To see the dream and the nightmare is to encounter Kali (creation and destruction), or the Father and the Son (wrathful vengeance and sacrificial love). Haydee and Celia, political leaders in the struggle against Batista, were not in the exhibit, solidifying this revolution as a patriarchal religion. ... I therefore see a patriarchal religious system unifying the various metaphors used. Edmundo: Photo Changes Photos are not static, if you know how to look at them. They change with time because images are like zucchini, taking on the flavor of what surrounds them. Photographs sustain relativity to socio-historical climate, culture, current events, observer perspective and attitude. As an example, consider a photograph by Ansel Adams, Moon and Half Dome, taken in Yosemite National Park, 1958. Until quite recently, anyone who looks at this photograph would see the majesty and timeless, natural beauty of Yosemite. The moon joins the powerful mountain to the heavens, emphasizing the verticality of Half Dome, The black and white medium, and juxtaposition of shadow and light, speaks of nature’s exquisite simplicity and honesty. That perspective of this photograph has probably been a typical one until this year, when this very mountain claimed the life of a hiker. The media described the horror of witnesses, who had to be airlifted out because they were too traumatized to hike back down themselves. The media has continued to report on more than a dozen deaths in Yosemite, this year. Now, when I look at this photo, I see malevolence, the interplay of life and death, the danger of nature, and the coldness of the moon. My childhood hiking memories are now threatened by a nagging suspicion of parental negligence. What was lovely and quietly evocative has become haunted and threatening, â€Å"Context of viewing is meaning (Desnoes).†Edmundo: Photograph as Metaphor A photograph may look, to some, like a static recording of a single fragment of life, bounded by subject, immediate context, background, and single mark upon linear time, In truth,
Thursday, October 17, 2019
Interpersonal Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1
Interpersonal Management - Assignment Example in an independent manner including being aware of how I can be able to manage time, do presentations and express my views and opinions to other people. These skills are vital as they assist in the development of the aspects that a person needs for the workplace in future. They are integral in the development of confidence as well as self-esteem as they allow a person to learn to be assertive and develop an awareness of the needs of other people. The interpersonal skills learnt are also important as far as teamwork and responsibility is concerned as they make it easier for an individual to manage particular situations. The interpersonal skills that I have learnt have assisted me to understand that I should not be judgmental towards other people and to share ideas while working as a team through communicating with each other. All this aspects are integral and important in any workplace, particularly as far as social care is concerned. I have learnt to appreciate the concepts that are necessary for successful and efficient group work and to enjoy group sessions while contributing. I am now more confident that I am able to contribute positively to the success of any workforce while helping others to appreciate the significance of contributing their perceptions and ideas that are relevant to the prevailing situation. I have learnt to understand that every person has a point and there are always people who are willing to learn from what I have to offer. I have developed skills that assist me to work and collaborate with various individuals in different groups where I can listen to the ideas of others w hile giving my own. However, I have also learnt that some people are selfish with their ideas and do not contribute much in a group settings, instead, they soak up information that has been contributed by other people and add their own ideas from there. Knowledge that is acquired from subjects such as social policy and considering the manner in which different policies and
Pyschological and Sociological Theoretical Explanations of Suicide Essay
Pyschological and Sociological Theoretical Explanations of Suicide - Essay Example The hopelessness theory also well defines the psychological aspect of suicide which, according to Beck’s concept of cognitive triad, makes a person think negatively about himself, his future and the world around him (1979). Emile Durkheim gave the sociological theoretical explanation of suicide (Pickering, Walford & British Centre for Durkheimian Studies, 2000). According to him, there are four kinds of suicide that result from discrepancies in a person’s ties with the society (Craighead & Nemeroff, 2002, p.1653). Altruistic suicides are those suicides that have to be committed in order to please the society, like satti in India. Egoistic suicide results from weak or too few ties with the society. Anomic suicide occurs when the ties with the society get a setback all at once, like the death of a friend. Fatalistic suicides result from excessive regulation of a person in society, like slaves and prisoners. Thus, society makes a person act in a certain way which, at times, can lead to suicide. This sociological explanation of Durkheim is still accepted by all
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
Interpersonal Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1
Interpersonal Management - Assignment Example in an independent manner including being aware of how I can be able to manage time, do presentations and express my views and opinions to other people. These skills are vital as they assist in the development of the aspects that a person needs for the workplace in future. They are integral in the development of confidence as well as self-esteem as they allow a person to learn to be assertive and develop an awareness of the needs of other people. The interpersonal skills learnt are also important as far as teamwork and responsibility is concerned as they make it easier for an individual to manage particular situations. The interpersonal skills that I have learnt have assisted me to understand that I should not be judgmental towards other people and to share ideas while working as a team through communicating with each other. All this aspects are integral and important in any workplace, particularly as far as social care is concerned. I have learnt to appreciate the concepts that are necessary for successful and efficient group work and to enjoy group sessions while contributing. I am now more confident that I am able to contribute positively to the success of any workforce while helping others to appreciate the significance of contributing their perceptions and ideas that are relevant to the prevailing situation. I have learnt to understand that every person has a point and there are always people who are willing to learn from what I have to offer. I have developed skills that assist me to work and collaborate with various individuals in different groups where I can listen to the ideas of others w hile giving my own. However, I have also learnt that some people are selfish with their ideas and do not contribute much in a group settings, instead, they soak up information that has been contributed by other people and add their own ideas from there. Knowledge that is acquired from subjects such as social policy and considering the manner in which different policies and
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
The Evolution of Walking Upright Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words
The Evolution of Walking Upright - Essay Example However, later scientific evidence clearly suggested that it may not be the case as evolution of walking upright has a history before the full human brain actually evolved. (Wheeler,62) It is critical to note that walking upright has not happened over the night and there were important physiological changes which occurred over the period of time. Available evidence suggests that there are important and critical differences between the physiology of the spines of apes and humans. It is this change especially in the physiology of spines of apes and humans which distinguishes them from each other. It was also this change which allowed humans to walk upright as compared to how apes walk. (Hunt) Physiology of Ape Scientific evidence suggests that early humans were either apes and evolved over the period of time to become humans or used some of the characteristics of apes. The early evidence that the humans actually used the ape like traits indicates that humans might have used four feet t o actually move from one place to another. However, as the time passed by, humans developed the ability to walk upright suggesting a change or transition in the physiology of apes to suit to the human needs. Some of the early evidence do suggests that the apes were bipedal in nature too however, their ability to walk on four feet was limited in nature. Apes cannot walk for longer distances on their two legs thus making it relatively impossible for them to use two legs for covering greater distances. This ability therefore was restricted due to the overall physiology of their spines and how it differed from that of the humans as evolution took place. Though the apes can still walk on two legs however, to become... This report approves that walking upright is considered as the primary and fundamental difference between humans and other animals. This tendency to walk upright however, has evolved over the period of time as humans are believes to be belonging to the same species as that of chimpanzees and gorillas. It is important to note that humans developed this tendency due to the changes in the physiology of their spines as spine of humans is relatively different from that of the spine of other animals. The human spine is relatively upright and supports its natural organs while at the same time supporting humans to walk easily. Human spine is joined with the head from the back whereas the spine of apes is joined from the back. The curve in the spines of apes allows them to carry weight however, restrict their movement. This essay makes a conclusion that one of the important theories of how humans developed the ability to walk upright is called Savannah theory. This theory suggests that humans developed this tendency because the climate change forced them to come down from trees. The global warming as well as cooling reduced the number of forests therefore humans have to come down the trees to survive. The author of the paper talks that this theory however, has been challenged by recent evidence which suggests that walking upright on two feet was made possible because of the difficulty faced by the humans to navigate the difficult terrain of East and South Africa. Further, walking upright conserves the energy thus allowing humans to walk longer distances with relative ease and less energy.
Pressures Of Higher Education Essay Example for Free
Pressures Of Higher Education Essay It is a brisk day in October, and all the leaves are crackling as every college student around the country is headed to his or her library, trying to get some studying in for the next exams. Some fully understand the subject matter and will constantly pressure themselves to keep on getting better; Others do not fully understand the subject mater and are too busy thinking about how they intend to pay for this class again once they fail. Most belong somewhere in the middle, constantly contemplating why they even put the stress of higher education onto themselves. Higher education is the catalyst to advancing our society to unknown boundaries. The pressures that come along with higher education vary from relaxed to extremely exhausting. These pressures are showcased nonstop in community colleges, state universities and lastly Ivy League private universities. While community colleges have often been looked down upon as a relaxed version of actual higher education, community colleges have been proven to raise the amount of pressure and stress on the enrolled students. The levels of difficulty of the curriculums are indeed lower than those of other colleges and universities. That is not necessarily a bad thing knowing that the typical student enrolled in community college either was not fully prepared for the challenge of other colleges or universities, or they just were not financially ready to make that step up. These struggling students need more time to work on their problems. Students can pursue an Associates Degree in their major without feeling overwhelmed by the pressure of trying to get a bachelor’s degree too early, leading them into failing grades. The students that are enrolled simply because of not having the financial means to enroll into other colleges and universities tend to have a high level of stress, not because they feel stunned by the subject matter, but because of the opposite. Not feeling challenged enough can create pressure on them because they do not feel as if they are getting the education they truly deserve. Community college may come off as a pressure free area, but in reality it has its pressure provoking aspects like all other outlets of higher education. The pressures of state universities are easily visible from the outside vantage point. To start, the number of majors offered at state universities is astounding. Most people that are given that much choice tend to realize that they do not really know what they want to major in. This epiphany leads them into declaring undecided. To go along with the high number of majors, the curriculums of all these majors often are just as breathtaking in difficultly. The number of students to teacher ratio is usually staggering, which creates more pressure for a student to grasp the concepts the first time. The tuition for state universities averages around twenty thousand annually. Most full time students cannot afford this price; therefore, students are forced to rely heavily on financial aid and scholarships. When that many people are competing for the same pile of assets, some tend to get left without enough. This increases the focus on the pressure of finding enough money for every semester’s expensive needs instead of focusing on the actual classes they are paying for. Even though the average students that attend a state university tend to have more control over the pressures of higher education, they can still feel the pressure. The pressures of higher education are substantially more evident in Ivy League students, due to the utmost need to succeed. The term â€Å"Ivy League†is defined as a group of long established eastern colleges and universities having high academic and social prestige. It is not hard to understand why the Ivy League schools are in their own prestigious bubble of higher education. Every student that enrolls in these schools was once part of the highly pressured top five percent of his or her high school. These students often have a genuinely hard time with transitioning from a fairly easy curriculum into their new extremely rigorous curriculums. A smooth transition is needed in order to earn a degree from their respective schools. Without that smooth transition, the students will start to feel overwhelmed, and the pressure will overcome them. Another contributing factor of pressure in Ivy League schools is the fact that the prices of attending these schools match the arduousness . The average tuition for an Ivy League school reaches into figures above fifty thousand annually. Grants, scholarships and financial aid play a very substantial part in full time students’ lives. If they were to receive unsatisfactory grades, then they would lose everything. Being forced to find a way to pay that much for their education would pressure them into dropping out, effectively ruining every high aspiration that student once had. Even though the Ivy League students have tremendous control over pressure, the pressures of higher education like money and making perfect grades, can lead to the failure of an otherwise perfect student. It does not matter whether a student is enrolled in a basic community college, state university or an Ivy League school, students will be faced with pressured situations. For a community college student, the pressures of worrying about not being fully ready for the challenges of college, or just not having the financial means to pay for it, will present themselves. Having control over how pressure affects them, and having the means for state universities, does not guarantee you will be ready for the feeling of being lost in the crowd instead of being an individual. Even though you would assume Ivy League attendees are perfect, sometimes the pressures of having to live up to that standard can overwhelm the student. No matter the level of difficultly, pursuing higher education will always create pressure on a student; the different routes of higher education will just affect the student in their own unique ways.
Monday, October 14, 2019
Impact of Economic Events on FTSE 100 Corporations
Impact of Economic Events on FTSE 100 Corporations
Sunday, October 13, 2019
Turkey and the European Union :: Turkey Foreign Affairs Europe Essays
Turkey and the European Union Let us begin this by looking at what the EU wants from Turkey. The criteria for EU membership adopted by the Copenhagen European Council in June 1993 require that a candidate country has achieved stability of institutions guaranteeing democracy, the rule of law, human rights, and respect for and protection of minorities; has a functioning market economy as well as the capacity to cope with competitive pressure and market forces within the Union; and has the ability to take on the obligations of membership, including adherence to the aims of political, economic and monetary union. Thus we can look at what Turkey is facing now. The main problem that faces Turkey is that it is still not a functioning and stable democracy that has the rule of law, that is respecting human rights and protecting minorities. The sporadic disappearances of people in the custody of the authorities and also the suppression of the right of free press and expression in connection with the Kurdish problem has been a stalemate. Also the EU's concerns about the role of the army in political life have to be addressed. Furthermore, under the democracy and human rights agenda Turkeys not so disturbing actions towards its own Kurdish citizens and their rights in a modern democracy is another tripping stone for it, So a solid problem in connection with government and rule persists. A growing Islamist movement and the continuing gain in popularity of the pro-Islamic political parties is another problem that Turkey faces at home, the European Union not taking too kindly to such orientation inside Turkey. Radicalism of this sort is definitely a minus point in their bid for membership. Here too we see the connection with government and law. This growth of support for such movements may be attributed to the blatant European rejection of Turkey at the Luxembourg summit. People have grown weary of continuous rejection and probably the growth in popularity for the alternative parties an be attributed to such matters. Finally the Turkish economic burden on the EU's budget represents the greatest obstacle for its membership in the union. Once a member Turkey would qualify for assistance from the EU funding bodies and could bankrupt the EU funds for such areas as economic improvement and structural growth. The admission of Turkey would release a flood of economic refugees into the other member states. This is not something that Europe would look forward too.
Saturday, October 12, 2019
The Woman With No Name in Monte Hellmans The Shooting :: Film Movie Shooting Hellman Essays
The Woman With No Name in Monte Hellman's The Shooting Works Cited Missing Generally forgotten by critics, and classified as alternately a cult classic and a B-movie (in reference to both its budget and its reception), Monte Hellman's The Shooting is a film worth revisiting. At a remote camp in the middle of the desert, a Woman With No Name arrives to hire two men to lead her to the town of Kingsley, days after one of the camp members was shot dead and another ran away. On their descent into the scorching desert, it becomes apparent that the Woman has misled her employees as a hired gun joins their party and they continue their journey, it would seem, to execute somebody. The Woman from time to time physically leads the pack, and is always deliberately in control of their actions. She is granted much agency in terms of both plot, and cinematic structure, frequently, for instance, holding a position in the frame physically over the men in order to deliver a command. She enacts the ability to do, without being done to, resorting to a performance of femininity /desirability at times to do her bidding. A textual analysis of the scene in which the childlike Coley is ordered by the Woman With No Name to stay behind in the blistering sun reveals a unique style with which Hellman plays with the conventions of the Western and the utilization of the gaze to question gender roles and authority. Open the Sequence Storyboard in a new browser window. The scene in question opens with an image (shot 1 in the storyboard) atypical in a film coded as a Western: two men riding together atop the same horse, as one critic points out, "jogging listlessly in a limbo without perspectives" (Strick, 50). At the heart of the scene is the metaphor central to this opening shot; that of male instability, masculinity in crisis. Coley has given his horse to the Woman With No Name and rides on the back of Gashsade's steed out of necessity. He has given up his means of transport, his agency. Without his horse, Coley lacks mobility in the narrative and his position as a male is challenged. The male body is celebrated in the Western with "the phallic image of a man on horseback, sitting high above the ground, upright and superior, gazing down at a world whose gaze he in turn solicits" (Mitchell, 167).
Friday, October 11, 2019
At risk youths Essay
In the given topical analysis we will be exploring the issue of â€Å"At risk youths†. The developmental procedure to this debate will follow a thorough logical unfolding. Commencing with what exactly is regarded or categorized as â€Å"At risk†merely to follow onto a breaking down of †¢ At risk youth’s classification not merely belonging to one social background but, covering different social rooting. †¢ An identification of the similar relevancies between these different groups classified as â€Å"At risk†status. †¢ What the retrospective view would be from a ground breaking opposition to this thesis. †¢ Statement back up, in terms of media and public evidence which allows temporal placement of the issues in a historical context onto present time. †¢ Reinforcement to the philosophical context of the overall paper in serious terms. What exactly, can we classify â€Å"At risk youths as being? â€Å" Who are they? †, â€Å" Where do they come form? †. At risk youths provene and stem form all walks of society. The rich and the poor. One time they could be pin pointed as appurtenant to the less affluent social classes, now it is a different case scenario. At risk youths have flowed into all social classes due to the inability of society to break through different social boundaries. For instance, we have the boundaries between living expectations in terms of monetary expenditure and social development, immigration, taxation or, what is better regarded as a faster pace of living. The government bringing in more refugee immigrants has brought about a state in which taxations have to be raised in order to meet immigrant’s needs, in terms of benefits reliance. An increase in benefits reliance has brought about increased taxation. Increased taxation has meant longer working hours. As taxation rises, inflation rises, bringing the consumer market beyond the reach of the targeted customer. Longer working hours has brought about the disruption of the family nucleus, leaving youths with no identity foundation and the substitution of this with internet chat rooms , creating a higher risk of crime related incidences ( Rape, murder, youth abduction) all springing from the deficiency of time required to distill social values in youths. Looking at things from an opposing perspective it is easy to see that opposition to this thesis would mostly stem form the given view that increased social funds thanks to higher taxes has allowed further expenditure in the field of education, after school recreational forums or leisure activities for youths in which to promulgate free hours and positively influence their mental sphere. Hence, families indeed are working longer hours but, replacements are been put in place in order to address youths freedom towards positive engagements which equally stimulate them and place a clear perspective of what is right and wrong social behavior. Also aided by the view they are subconsciously absorbing, of it being wrong to remain in and idle not employed status rather than being fully employed. Here we have two objective sided to the argument of what the composition of â€Å"At risk youths†is. But, in terms of historical background, what exactly was the periscopic difference in the situation? As stated at the outset, â€Å"At risk youths†could be easily defined. They belonged to one class. Starting with the less affluent middle class downwards. The reason youths were regarded as at risk, was due to the underlying fact that they lived in houses with poor sanitation or often due to lack of funds, youths were placed in minefield to work. In historical terms, mothers were identified as being the heart of the family, the core; they were in charge of ordaining social values in their children and addressing them towards a positive upbringing. Social youth crime rates sharply re-enforce this perspective. Today, social values have disintegrated themselves. Women and men are engaged shoulder to shoulder, face to face in a battle of the sexes. A man is no longer required to â€Å"Bring the bread home†. The battle, in breaking it even between sexes, has led to the neglect of the family nucleus or certain anchoring of focus for youths. There is nobody to act as a constant ramp of positive social flow or influence. Youths are left stranded in an abyss, looking to one another for anchor or to stay afloat, they are slowly having their thread unwound and as a replacement they look to negative influences such as constant bombardment of television with violent crime scenes, murders or mere brain washing. Motherly substitutes. Materialism has become the centre of what youths see as a secure, good future, they lack any spiritual or inwards inspiration to make them stable individuals. All of this can be clearly seen as having a psychological effect on youths reflected in the correlation of youth crimes. At present no direct solution has been envisaged, in countries like the United Kingdom there has been an implementation of increased police patrolling and armed officers patrolling streets but, no direct analysis and modification of the deeper cause and effect. Parents are afraid of chastising children and youths due to the direct threat of social services interference and Government legislations disallowing all forms of chastisement. Without a decrease in taxation or a future market collapse, without a break even in equal sex payments and treatments women are going to be mentally forced to relinquish the position of the core of the family and youths are going to lack forever more a central foundation. Competitiveness replaces family, substitutes these with a world where materialism and comfort is seen as the only sole objective, and, at any cost. Youths will continue to lack to worsen by the day until they spiral out of control. What needs to be done to control this and monitor it? The only way we can monitor this progressive detrimental development is through the formation of a central bode correlated to the monitoring of youth progress solely. Monitoring their social background and analyzing what youth offenders or the different classes of ‘At risk have in common†. Gradually an entire body of evidence can be gathered in order to implement further legislations or coerce the Government or further institutional bodies into taking action at a ministerial or local level. The youth of today, of tomorrow is the world leader of tomorrow, representing people or generations to come who will lead the world ahead, they will create the future. If they have no stability , if we make this entire body â€Å" At risk†, what type of future is being created, what type of minds are being shaped for the future, what type of ideas are being instilled in the Youths, to carry into a new world generation?. An identification of the problem amongst Youths has to be found today, and a solution has to be found to this social issue before it spirals out of control and beyond remedy. SOURCES, DAILY TELEGRAPH NEWSPAPER SOCIETY TODAY, MICHAEL PIEN BLACKWELL 2006.
Thursday, October 10, 2019
Madame Bovary (Roy’s Analysis)
Genroy Hylton It is in human nature to indulge in acts that gratify our emotion. Psychologists and evolutionary theologist teach that the heart can convince the brain, but the inverse is not true for the brain. That means people will most likely do what makes them feel good and not what is the best for them. Throughout the novel Madame Bovary the author Gustave Flaubert uses literary devices such as symbolism to express the idea that pleasure inhibits the progress of human aspiration. The first instance of pleasure inhibiting progress is in chapter one.Charles Bovary the main character is doing some intense studying for his medical practice exams. The author states, on page ten, that Monsieur Bovary â€Å"breaks all good resolutions†and starts to go to cafes to play dominoes. The Arthur states that Monsieur Bovary starts to [lose his mind] over the game. Monsieur Bovary quickly loses his sensible self value, evidenced by the fact that he starts â€Å"spending evening †¦ in a dirty public room. The Arthur further goes to express his low self esteem for Monsieur Bovary at this point by metaphorically comparing the game of dominoes to a simple clicking of dotted sheep bones on a marble table.The specific form of pleasure, Monsieur Bovary is getting from his irresponsible actions, is the same of freedom. Throughout Monsieur Bovary’s life he has been subjected to follow under the authority of his parents. His farther always tried to push him to be aggressive, assertive, and strong willed. This can be deduced from the belief the farther has, which is â€Å"with enough nerve a man could always get a head in the world. †which can be found on page seven. The farther also attempts to â€Å"harden his child’s constitution†, with â€Å"strict-discipline†.This actually works to further put young Monsieur Bovary into a submissive role. When a child is forced to follow a strict set of rules and is not allowed to challenge the principle but instead obey them without an understanding of why he should obey them, the child will make it routine to submit himself to the authority of others and even repress his own desires. The mother further encourages young Monsieur’s to be submissive by forcing her personal interests on him, such as, singing and to listen to her on poor frustrated ambitions†.Young Monsieur Bovary does not want to listen to his mothers past sorrows, which he can not help cure, but he is forced to suppress his desires to her higher authority. The result of this is that young Monsieur Bovary will not create his own aspirations and follow the lead of who ever is willing to lead him, and in this case its his mother. She decides the path that young Bovary should take in medical school, and he obeys without a murmur because of the depression that has manifested between him and that has manifested between him and his mother over time.Being deprived of the opportunity to develop his own sense of self for such a long period makes it understandable that Monsieur Charles Bovary would get enraptured to the point of ecstasy by his newly found freedom. The experience was so intense for him, the experience of making his own choices, that the author states, Monsieur Bovary would feel a â€Å"pleasure that was almost sensual†just by touching the door knob to a cafe. It is at the cafe that Monsieur Bovary opens himself up to the desires of his heart. He indulges in the freedom that he could not experience in the past because of his parent’s authority.With his freedom, he ventures to learn a few verses of songs to sing at social events with friends and how to make punch. The simplistic nature of what he can only be comprehended by noting that his true pleasure comes from the fact that he chooses to engage in those activities. No one told him to. It was a choice that he made and he could only blame himself for the consequence of the actions that he has committed . He gained confidence in his ability to make choices, good or bad. Just the fact that he has the power to control some element of his life gives him a new sense of life.But sadly, energy is neither created nor destroyed; it is simply transferred from one party to the next. This statement relates Monsieur Bovary’s new sense of life in the sense that it does not come without sacrifice and that in order for him to be able to enjoy it in this life, death must occur in the other. Monsieur Bovary had a very important test that he had to take in order to be able to practice medicine. With the time he should have been using to prepare himself for the test, Monsieur Bovary spent that time enjoying himself at the cafe, doing what was described in the previous paragraph.Instead of using his mind and preparing himself for his exam, he was enslaved by the desires of his heart and enjoyed the pleasures of freedom. When he came to take the test, he found that he completely failed it and co uld not practice medicine. Not until Monsieur Bovary realized the effect of the consequence of his indulgence in pleasure, is he able to begin thinking with his mind. Not until he has to face the authority of his life, his parents, does he humble his desires for freedom.After he faces his mother with the news that he failed the medical exam, he begins to reason with himself and studied â€Å"ceaselessly†. He retook the test and past. The second example is Monsieur Bovary getting pleasure from Madame Bovary and it inhibits his ability to address the disrespect she shows toward him. Monsieur Bovary grew up with profound respect for his parents, especially his mother. He obeyed his mother when she told him to marry women much older then he was and who was very unattractive, but when he gets in a relationship with Emma Bovary, he starts to disregard his mother’s decisions.When the mother came to visit the newly wed couple, young Madame Bovary and she would get into argumen ts, described in chapter seven page forty. Monsieur Bovary would just watch his wife blatantly disrespect his mother by not humbling herself. He does not even try intercede and correct his wife’s behavior, because, as the Arthur states, â€Å"his [pleasure from] his wife is boundless†. If it still unclear that pleasure is a blinding force, the author states that â€Å" Emma seemed to his perfect, â€Å" even thought his â€Å" perfect†Emma dishonors him by not stinting herself when in the presence of his mother.The pleasure that he gets from young Madame Bovary distorts his logical to the extent that he begins to disregard the words of his mother because they are contrary to the words of wife instead of the inverse. Entering part then of the book, Madame Bovary becomes attached to the presence of a young man Leon. It is clear that she wanted to have an affair with him. When he leaves Madame Bovary is struck with despair and increases in her hostilities. Madam e Bovary is clueless to why she has progressed to such an ill state, and when he tries to console her and find out what’s wrong she shrugs and disrespectfully states â€Å"what of it? He is so enrapture by pleasure that he gets just from having Madame Bovary as his wife that he fears to do anything that might jeopardize their relationship he it slave to his desired, and, because had not conquered his desires, as all adults must, he regresses to child like behavior, evidenced in the text when it states that offer Madame Bovary brushes his sentient behavior away, he â€Å"shut himself in his consulting room †¦. Put his elbows on the table and wept. †He weeps like a child who does not know what to do and like a child writes a note to his mother.Monsieur Bovary still had problems heeding to any advice his mother would give to him because it all supported the idea that Madame Bovary lays a loaner; and monsieur Bovary could not agree to anything that would conflict wi th the image he has of his wife as â€Å"perfect†. This is farm pleasure is the pleasure of outside acceptance. The term outside acceptance someone ability to be accepted by someone who is not biologically related, and therefore, has to accept them. This form of pleasure is farther enhance by Madame Bovary‘s beauty. When a man falls to this kind of pleasure his development as a man is inhibited.The third example of pleasure inhibiting progress is Madame Bovary constantly seeks pleasure fro men other the husband. This inhibits her ability to from a health relationship between her husband and her child. Madame Bovary has become foolish because of her pleasures. She married to a husband who is deeply in love with her and is considered to be one of the top physicians. She is willing to risk her relationship by going out with strange men when she knows nothing about and can do nothing for her, but see so willingly buy them expensive gifts.Rudolph, one her mistresses, states that most of the gift she gives he does not accept simply because he had no heed. Madame Bovary would continue to push and give gifts to these strange men even though they risk driving her and her husbands businesses into dept. Gustave Flaubert is a French novelist. His works consists of psychological analysis, the individual and the society, and realism. Flaubert was born in December 12, 1821 at a hospital his farther was a physician at. Flaubert has an older brother and a younger sister. They lived in a house connected to the hospital.As Flaubert begins his artistic career, he is heavily influenced by a French writer named Honore de Balzec. They both practice aesthetic to bring beauty to their stories. It was also the first book he got published and brought him the attention of the literary world. Flaubert's works include A Sentimental Education (1869), a novel dealing again with the theme of the frustrations of middle-class life and human aspirations and The Temptation of St. Ant hony (1874), a series of religious tableaux. In 1877, he published Three Tales, which contains short stories, â€Å"A Simple Heart,†â€Å"The Legend of St.Julian the Hospitalier,†and â€Å"Herodias. †Flaubert's play, The Candidate, failed after a few performances in 1874, and his last novel, Bouvard and Pechuhet, which was unfinished on his death, was published in 1881. Gustave’s sister died during childbirth when Flaubert was twenty-four. She left behind her daughter Caroline Hamard, who was raised by Gustave and his mother. His mother would live with him until his fiftieth year. As an adolescent of fifteen, Flaubert fell in love with an older married woman, Elisa Schlesinger, and remembered her ever after as a pure and innocent love.The young man was sent to Paris, France, to study law. He had easy access to prostitutes, and this led to venereal disease from which he never recovered. In 1845 Flaubert had his first attack of temporal-lobe epilepsy. He was crippled by his seizures, which were terrifying for him and reappeared at intervals throughout his life. In 1846 he had to face the deaths of his father and his beloved sister. Flaubert decided to quit his legal studies, since any emotional excitement brought on an attack of his epilepsy. He felt he must become an observer of life and not a participant in it, so he devoted himself only to his writing.Gustave Flaubert was crippled by syphilis and his rapidly declining health. Two weeks before his death, he told his niece Caroline, â€Å"Sometimes I think I'm liquefying like an old Camembert. †On 8 May, 1880, Flaubert died from brain hemorrhage. Works Cited â€Å"Flaubert, Epilepsy. Famous People Who Suffered from Epilepsy: Gustave Flaubert. †Flaubert, Epilepsy. Famous People Who Suffered from Epilepsy: Gustave Flaubert. N. p. , n. d. Web. 1 Mar. 2013. Flaubert, Gustave, and Claudine Gothot-Mersch. Madame Bovary. Paris: Garnier, 1971. Print. â€Å"World Biography . †Gustave Flaubert Biography. N. p. , n. d. Web. 1 Mar. 2013.
Wednesday, October 9, 2019
Urban design starts with social design. Critically evaluate this Essay
Urban design starts with social design. Critically evaluate this statement in the context of place-making - Essay Example Social design involves the designer coming up with creative designs while keeping his or her responsibility in the society in mind. The designer uses the design to bring about the required social change. From the definitions, it is evident that there exist a relationship between urban design, social design and placemaking. In all of them, the designer has the client’s preferences at heart designing to ensure that the wants of their clients are fulfilled. In place making, the comfort and happiness of the client is the motivation behind its design. In urban design, the main motivation involves changing the shape of villages, cities and towns according to the specification of clients in those areas. In social design, the designer is interested in enhancing their social responsibility. Despite this relationship, social design is not the first to consider when doing urban design and placemaking. The reason is that it is difficult for inhabitants in a certain area to have the same sense of place (Lucas 2012). Individual clients for the different designs experience multiple and disjointed areas with poor relationships among them. There exists a difference between social policy, expectations of the reform is and real-place making capacity. There is an increasing tension existing between planners and architects concerned with placemaking and an enlightened approach to urban designs, though they all have a less socially based agenda. Despite that, they still have a tremendous influence on shaping what can be built through the enforcement of the technical requirements and standards. Urban designs does not start with social design, it could start with needs and preferences of the client, which is more important than social design. In beginning the social impact initiative for these social designers, they have to declare their specific intentions. The reason is that designs and
Tuesday, October 8, 2019
Questions Pertaining to Mega Mountain and Columbia Food Company Essay
Questions Pertaining to Mega Mountain and Columbia Food Company - Essay Example Acting on inside information, Franklin gained an illegal advantage over other stockholders and profited from their losses. His actions were in direct violation of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. In order to prove its case, the Securities and Exchange Commission will need to secure the testimony of the executive secretary who shared the takeover information with Franklin. However, this testimony alone will not be sufficient to prove the case. If, as the scenario points out, the SEC has filed suit against Franklin and others, someone must have known about Franklin's entry into the executive offices to obtain information about the object of Mega Mountain's takeover. Using the testimony of both the executive secretary, and an informant who brought Franklin's activities to light, the SEC will be able to prove its case against Franklin for violation of the 1934 Securities and Exchange Act. Liuzzo and Bonnice (2006) define easement as "a right or interest in land granted to a party to make beneficial use of the land owned by another" (p. 321). Once an easement has been recorded, it cannot be sold or otherwise transferred. The question to be determined here is whether an easement was mentioned in the earliest available deeds of the two properties.
Monday, October 7, 2019
The case briefs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
The case briefs - Essay Example They are also to provide assistance in case of an emergency at their premises. As such issues that surround the liability of the owners of premises under the special relations, doctrine needs to be effectively dealt with properly before the final judgment is provided. Disposition: The Court reversed the appellate court's decision and remanded the case.Case 2: Disabled Rights Action Committee, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Las Vegas Events, Inc.; University Of Nevada, Las Vegas, Thomas, and Mack Center; Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association, Defendants-Appellees. History: The district court had felt that the private entities, that is, Events and Cowboys had no part in ensuring the compliance to public accommodation standards. Further, the court argued that the ownership did not stage the events giving them any case to answer. Facts: The plaintiff alleged that the physically challenged members of the society have been subjected to poor services, discrimination at the centre and further char ged higher ticket fees as compared to other people. As such, the plaintiff sought an injunction preventing the defendant from using the facility until it became compliant to ADA. Issue: The question was whether apart from the owners of the premise, Events and Cowboys could be enjoined in the suit to ensure compliance with public accommodation of the physically challenged. Rule: In public spaces accommodation, the owners or the management of the premise is expected to provide assistance to the physically challenged members of the society.
Sunday, October 6, 2019
Customer Service Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words
Customer Service - Assignment Example According to the discussion the Sales Manager at Kangaroo must consider all the above criteria before implementing the customer service. To Understand these attributes, the sales manager must have an informal network with the employees and understand their needs and wants. On doing this, an excellent internal customer service will develop. This would help the sales manager in understanding the problems of employees and develop a system to foresee the events to be strategized in discussion with employees. Some examples include: The sales manager might plan a campaign like â€Å"The Best Customer Award†or any other special incentive or contests and foresee its financial implications after delegating the work to his employees.This paper declares that the Technical Customer is interested in a factual, detailed explanation for the product and is on the alert for any inaccuracies or hesitations in describing the product. The Silent Customer will not talk, but does think. Lack of re sponse may give the salesperson the impression that the customer is indifferent, but is listening carefully. The Timid Customer is ill at ease, inhibited, and sensitive. Sometimes the customer is shopping in a higher price range than the customer has been accustomed to, and may be unsure of own judgment. Luxury is the main focus here. This customer respects brevity. The Decisive Customer knows what he/she wants, is confident that what he/she wants is right, and will not tolerate another opinion.... To Understand these attributes, the sales manager must have an informal network with the employees and understand their needs and wants. On doing this, an excellent internal customer service will develop. This would help the sales manager in understanding the problems of employees and develop a system to foresee the events to be strategized in discussion with employees. Some examples include: The sales manager might plan a campaign like "The Best Customer Award" or any other special incentive or contests and foresee its financial implications after delegating the work to his employees. By having a good network and relation with employees and having an internal customer service will surely help the sales manager make critical decisions and it will be supported by employees and Top management. By having this decision making power, the sales manager could easily achieve the objective of "Delight the customer". Question 2 (70 Marks) You are at a conference of hotel managers and find yourself in conversation with Helen (who is the manger of the best five-star hotel in town) and Damian (who manages the local backpackers hostel). Both managers state that: their year-to-date profits are well in excess of target their customers expect 'excellent levels of service customer satisfaction research show that they are both exceeding these expectations. (a) Briefly describe what you perceive to be the customer characteristics that separate Helen's market segment from Damien's market segment. (100 WORDS) (10 MARKS) Helen's Market Characteristics The Technical Customer is interested in a factual, detailed explanation for the product and is on the alert for any inaccuracies or hesitations in describing the product. The Silent Customer will
Saturday, October 5, 2019
Do you agree that students should be paid for receiving good grades Essay
Do you agree that students should be paid for receiving good grades - Essay Example Parents present the cases of positive influence, which this strategy has on their kids. However, this method is not so harmless and effective. The given paper will prove that paying money for good marks is not the best way to make children study well. Money should not be a stimulus for everything Now many parents are sure that money can serve as a stimulus for children to be more concentrated on study. Thus, they pay for each good grade. It really works: a child has a clear understanding; if he or she completes this or that task well, he or she will be rewarded. Parents think that their kids focus on school, try to do their best to have good marks and it seems that there is nothing bad in the parents’ intentions. However, the question is the following: whether this focus on school and study is a conscious desire to gain knowledge or just a method to earn money and then get some pleasure. The second stimulus is much more probable. Moreover, children may start believing that mon ey is the most important thing in the world and the consequences of such belief can be very negative. The long-term effect will not be received Undoubtedly, kids would be happy with introducing such system of financial incentives. At first children will do their best to earn much money, but the question is whether this desire to study well will be constant during the whole learning process. It is also important to understand how children treat money: as a reward or as a salary for going to school. Parents should determine what results they would like to get by using such methods. A wish to study, not money, should be the primary motivation In the majority of cases money is one of the most desirable things for children of all ages. Children would like to have their personal money, in order to spend it for what they want. It sounds like a step into the adult life. In such a way parents can cultivate the feeling of independence in their children, and try to show the correlation between such processes as doing and getting. â€Å"The money doesn't come easily, but it sure motivates students to work hard in school -- both for the dollars and the prestige†(Ivanova). The child begins to understand, that if a person would like to get something, he or she should take some effort. It sounds good from this point of view, nevertheless parents should be very attentive as this desire to get money risks to develop into obsession or become the only method in force. There are students in each class, who are not doing well at school, who have unsatisfactory behavior and who are always under the teachers’ control. It is obvious that parents can hardly change anything with the help of the money. The problem has much deeper roots. Children who get used to get some expensive things from their parents can hardly be motivated by them. If parents just deprive them of gifts, they will only manipulate their children and will not gain results. Parents should find arguments in order to evoke a wish to study, a wish to get knowledge and to become a full-fledged member of the society. Conclusion To sum it up, it is essential to remind the words from the Bible about the money: what does uneducated person want to have money for, if he does not want to get any wisdom? This statement perfectly explains the parents’ endeavors to encourage their kids. Money should not serve as a primary goal. Parent should try to motivate their children, to explain to them the benefits of being educated, instead of making them study under
Friday, October 4, 2019
Unplanned absence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Unplanned absence - Essay Example Also, with this kind of absences, there should be a technology or related factors to compensate with the absence of this individual. In United States, the labor sector loses 2.3% of scheduled working hours as well as 20 percent of its payroll due to this kind of situation. The question is what are the steps that must be done should this kind of instances occur to replace the absentee as well as to minimize expenses during this particular incident wherein the company is required to pay the absentee' On the given example, there are varieties of options that are to be looked upon in order to address this kind of problem. In this case, these varieties are regarded as part of the system. The remedies that were provided are that the company would hire temporary employee in the absence of the personnel concerned, pay-per-use scheme within the customers, hold over-times and the likes. These ideas and are somewhat a management system in the company which is formulated to address several issues concerning operational management within the company. In the article written by Fred Easton (+) and John Goodale in 2005 entitled scheduled recovery for unplanned absences, it was stated there the issues revolving around organizations particularly in organizations which is service in nature. The subject areas were Labor and staff planning, mathematical programming and the likes were tackled and looked upon. In my own perspective regarding issues on unplanned absences specifically on business which is service in nature, a contingency plan must be made due to the organization exist due to the services that have been rendered by the people. Also, a system which deals with the employees and the target customer is essential to obtain the sense of order in the workplace. The aforementioned systems that was laid in the earlier premises in this paper in order to address the problems concerning in this nature. The pay-per-use scheme is a convenient way to use in order to regulate flow and arrival of customers in which the customer will have second thoughts of acquiring services from the company. In this case, the company will have a return of income as this method is expensive from the conventional one. This kind of scheme is very practical since the scheme would tend to regulate the influx of customers and since thee are a small amount of employees that are working due to the absence(s) of their colleagues, then chances of serving tremendous amount of customers would be manageable due to the fact that customers will be entertained only on the prescribed terms of use and the services that would be used will be paid each time they are availed and with this, it will also be a source of tremendous income since the services are paid not on the length but rather on the quantity of rendered services. Also, the employees will only work on the prescribed description of their tasks. In this case, the work load of the employees will become limited thus will give better chances in meeting the demands of customers regardless of numbers. Also, in this process, the operation of the organization was not halted though they operate with
Thursday, October 3, 2019
Symbolism of Simon in Lord of the Flies Essay Example for Free
Symbolism of Simon in Lord of the Flies Essay Do you know someone who naturally brings out the good in people, or who always does the right thing no matter what? Simon is a shy, kind, hardworking boy who always puts others first. He tries to warn everyone on the island that there is not a beast but because he tries to do what he knows is right he gets killed by the other boys. Simon is one of the important characters in Lord of the Flies. He is one of the important characters in the novel because he represented the struggle between good and evil inside of people, nature, and Jesus or religion. The first thing that Simon represents is the struggle of good vs. vil in people because he is always putting others first and doing what is right but, at the same time, he is the only one that interacts with the Lord of the Flies, who could represent evil. Simon was the only one that helped Ralph build the shelters while everyone else was goofing off. He also helped the littluns get fresh fruit from the trees instead of letting them eat the fruit on the ground that could make them sick. Those are both things that show the good people can do. His interaction with the Lord of the Flies was more than likely a hallucination of some sort because a pig’s head on a stick cannot talk. The Lord of the Flies is evil and wants the boys to hurt or kill each other and, since he is a hallucination, it shows that there is an evil part of Simon that he tries to suppress or he may not even know is there. The second thing that Simon represents is nature because he goes into the forest on his own to surround himself with nature and appreciate its beauty and does not harm the plants or animals around him. Once Simon is done working and helping the littluns he goes into a clearing in the jungle and hides in a tangle of vines. He sits there and just listens to the sounds of the jungle and ocean and watches the animals. As he listens and watches he seems completely absorbed and at peace with nature. He is also the one who pointed out the â€Å"candle buds†which shows he was being more observant of the plants and things around them. He also knows where the freshest fruit is while most of the other boys don’t seem to know or even seem to care about the freshness of the fruit. He does not disturb the animals around him unlike the other boys. Simon is the only boy that never participates in hunting or the hunters’ dance. The third and final thing that Simon could symbolize is Jesus or religion because he is prophetic, gathers all his information from faith alone, and is the only inherently good boy on the island. Simon tells Ralph that he (Ralph) will get off the island okay but does not say that everyone will. This is prophetic and foreshadowing of Simon and Piggy’s deaths as well as the rescue of the boys that saves Ralph from the same fate. He also has no logical explanation or evidence of his claim; it is base solely on faith. Simon also realizes that there is no beast but rather it is the boys themselves. He is the only naturally good boy on the island. The other boys do not act civilized because of morality but because of social conditioning and the threat of punishment, where as Simon is civilized and good because of morals and spiritual connection to nature. Even the seemingly civilized Ralph and Piggy are not as civilized as they appear, as we see when they participate in the hunters’ dance that kills Simon. Simon can also represent Jesus because of his confrontation with the Lord of the Flies, who can represent the devil. The confrontation between the two can be seen as a parallel to Jesus’ confrontation with the devil during Jesus’ forty days in the wilderness. Simon’s clearing in the jungle could be compared to the Garden of Eden, which is pure and perfect until evil invades it, this evil being the other boys and the Lord of the Flies. Simon is an important character in Lord of the Flies because he represented the battle between good and evil inside of people, nature, and Jesus or religion. Simon symbolizes good vs. evil because he puts others first and does what is right but, at the same time, he is the only one that ever speaks with the Lord of the Flies, who could represent Satan. Simon is a symbol of nature because he goes into the forest on to envelop himself in nature and value its beauty and does not harm the plants or animals on the island. The final thing that Simon could represent is Jesus or religion because he is prophetic, all his information is based on belief, and he is the only naturally good boy on the island. Simon is a timid, thoughtful, reliable boy who always does the right thing. He tries to tell everyone that there is not a beast but because he tries to do what he knows is right he gets killed by the other boys. The book would not have been the same without Simon.
Wednesday, October 2, 2019
Evaluating Public Interventions that Impact Market Prices
Evaluating Public Interventions that Impact Market Prices What measurement tools can we use to evaluate public interventions that affect market prices? How might these be used to explain the concept of transfer efficiency? (9 Marks) (a) To justify public intervention it is necessary to identify the market failure that the intervention is expected to correct. Public goods; externalities; competition failures; asymmetric information; and missing markets can all be contributing reasons why the private economy is unable to achieve efficiency. A problem that exists is that regardless that market failures are known they are rarely measured. Despite this the impact of public expenditure depends on the precise extent of the gap between social and private benefit. Public spending is necessary during market failure but not always a sufficient means. The application of a tax, for example, may be much more suited than public spending to correct a negative externality, offsetting the social and private cost difference. Another example is the enforcement of anti-trust regulation, which while breaking down monopolies and correcting competition does not alternatively limit the commodity at issue. However, different tools can be used to measure the affect that public intervention has on market prices. The measured price gap between domestic and world prices is a crucial input into discovering what may happen under different assumptions about policy reform. Estimated per tons and tariffs have an equivalent on producer price as measuring the gap between domestic and world price. In measuring the entire global state of affairs on world agriculture, calculating world prices without the addition of policies may be most appropriate. But the purpose of evaluating agricultural policies is to compare interventions made by governments while pursuing their political objectives. The world price does hold the most importance as it ultimately determines the effort the government makes to ensure a certain level of domestic price is maintained. In terms of agricultural policy reform, the different assumptions about the changing policy reform and trade barriers show changes in both domestic an d world prices, narrowing the price gap. However the ability to change world price lies in the dependence of other countries following the same reform. On a smaller level the measurement of farm support consists of adding two elements; the difference between domestic and world price for commodities multiplied by the amount produced and budgetary transfers. Tariffs, quotas and other restrictions on imports, also subsidies on exports together with government in intervention to boost domestic prices, can create gaps between domestic and world price. To find the producer support estimate (PSE), multiply the gap in prices by the amount of domestic production. The consumer support estimate (CSE), is negative because it is the consumer food subsidies amount minus the implicit tax on consumers from market price support. Therefore, the total support estimate (TSE) is found by adding the PSE, the taxpayer cost of consumption subsidies and the provision of general services, and subtracting import tariff receipts. The measurement tools can used to explain the concept of transfer efficiency. â€Å"Transfers are payments from one agent in the economy to another agent for which there is no corresponding flow of goods and services.†(1a.) Thus the aforementioned measures can determine how appropriately used these transfers are in relation to improving the market economy. To evaluate agricultural policy the objective of the analysis of transfer efficiency â€Å"is to relate the combined taxpayer and consumer costs to the additional income which farmers receive.†(1b.) To put transfer efficiency in to terms, it is the net income gain to farmers that comes from one unit gross transfer cost to consumers and taxpayers. Therefore, transfer efficiency ranges from zero to one. While there is no measurement tool that is greatly superior to compare the transfer efficiency of market price support, these measurements help emphasize the trade-offs. Broadly defined, transfer efficiency focuses on delivering assistance to targeted recipients in the most efficient manner possible. Thus, any estimation of the gains from policy reform needs to take into account the relation between economic intervention and the political response that intervention produces. Policy reform is greatly linked to transfer efficiency and support estimates are grand determinants in studying the success or failure of interventions. (b) Compare and contrast the welfare effects of three of the following interventions designed to raise farm incomes: (i) Import tariff (ii) Deficiency payment (iii) Fertiliser subsidy and (iv) Production quota. What assumptions underlie your analysis? (b) The welfare effects of the following interventions designed to raise farm incomes: (i) Import tariff: Tariffs can have an effect on many different parties including the importing country and the exporting country and the consumers, producers, and Government from both the importing and exporting countries. The importing country consumers of the product suffer due to the increase in the domestic price of both imported goods and the domestic substitutes. This reduces the amount of consumer surplus in the market. Producers in the importing country have a positive gain as the price increase on the domestic market increases producer surplus in the industry and increases output, raises employment and increases profit. Tariff revenue is given to the Government and its benefit is detrimental on how the Government spends it, such as using it to support many government-spending programs, which most likely benefit the public. The impact on the country is determined by totaling the gains and losses to consumers, producers and the government. The overall effect is a positive tra de effect, a negative production distortion and a negative consumption distortion. Since there are both positive and negative elements for the importing country the national welfare effect can be positive or negative. Exporting consumers of the product become better off as the import tariff decreases domestic price and raises the amount of consumer surplus in the market. Exporting producers suffer as the price in their own market decreases along with the producer surplus in the industry. Given that the importing country imposes the tariff there is no effect on the exporting Government revenue. The overall welfare effect for the country is determined by adding the gains and losses to consumers and producers. This effect consists of a negative trade effect, a negative consumption distortion and a negative production distortion, which produces a reduction in national welfare for the exporting country, as all the effects are negative. Adding the national welfare effects in both the importing and exporting countries creates the effect of the import tariff on the world welfare. The overall effect is negative as both the importers and exporter’s consumption and production distortion are each negative. Therefore, an import tariff results in a reduction in world production and consumption efficiency, as the total of the overall losses in the world outnumber the overall gains. (ii) Fertilizer Subsidy: A subsidy for fertilizer is sometimes paid to offset the disincentive effects of low producer prices. Market price support has an effect on the price-ratio between a product and a production input like fertilizer. The expansion in fertilizer subsidy has created greater use due to a distortion of the real price of fertilizer in turn to lower effective pricing. This has resulted in external costs such as a difficulty in monitoring and controlling agricultural pollution. Fertilizer subsidies can be justified, especially in developing countries, in order to maintain soil fertility and to conflict against soil erosion and deforestation. In the 1980’s fertilizer subsidies for countries were estimated at an astounding $2.8 billion, since then this number has rapidly decreased. A need to reduce fertilizer use can be attributed to a generation of health effects. In the world market effects of subsidizing agricultural inputs such as fertilizer raise market barriers and hinders competition, which enables inefficient structures to be protected and maintained. Other negative factors include an indication that rich farmers adversely gain from agricultural subsidies. The welfare effects of an imposed fertilizer subsidy entail a benefit for consumers due to a lower price. Producers’ welfare is not necessarily determinable, as although their price has reduced so have farmers’ costs of production. To establish the effect this subsidy has had, one must be able to find the elasticity of the demand curve. If demand is inelastic, producers will experience a net loss. (1c.) The effect the fertilizer subsidy has had on the total welfare is accounted to the tax placed on the taxpayer. This is found by locating the reduction in the cost of the agricultural product to farmers compared to the new production of wheat produced. (iii.) Production Quota: Production quotas limit the level to which an industry and the individual producer can adjust to changing technical and market conditions. Farm prices are being heavily affected through the rapid growth in supply in contrast to demand, which lowers farm prices and therefore reduces farm incomes. This is a major reason why farmers may seek a production quota to control the rising supply production. When a quota is enforced, if the price falls the supply to the right of the quota becomes inelastic as the producer is not allowed to increase supply. The welfare effects of a production quota are negative on consumer surplus. However, for producers to benefit after a quota the demand curve must be inelastic towards the original price. Also, we must understand that the extent to which structural change is withheld varies based upon the ease of transfer of quota rights. A trade in quota rights between producers may be constrained or there may be blemishes in the quota market. Producers may also try to lease or sell their production quota rights, creating a capital value. However the problems that arise in the future income to farmers may be reduced due to an inability to reform these production quotas. (1d.) The way that quotas are put into effect is to proportionately cutback both the most and least efficient producers but this would also increase the economic costs. To minimize economic costs trade must be encouraged within quotas. This will allow the suppliers whom prevail as the most efficient to purchase quota rights producers that lack efficiency as it will be better served if used by the more efficient of the producers. Under a free market approach, these inefficient producers will be forced from the market, creating an overall more efficient economy and then the production quota will be removed. However, due many restrictions the market is rarely a free and open environment and the welfare effect of a production is generally a negative outcome as a deadweight loss has been created. The assumptions that underlie this analysis are that all of these interventions are created under fair markets. That these markets can all compete together and there is no discrimination between countries. That these interventions reflect a change within each country that is comparable to its contrasting effect within the world economy. That these interventions can be subjectively held accountable upon each individual, for example, that the production quota can be accurately held accountable upon each farmer. Also, fair trade is allowed where there is no bias among trading parties. The major assumption is that when an intervention is put into place the effect will be equally felt by each producer and likewise by each consumer. Also, that the economical practices under which the markets are operated are nominally similar throughout each country. References: Lecture 15. Measuring Costs and Transfer Efficiency of Agricultural Price Policy. ALSTON, J.M. and B.H. HURD (1990), â€Å"Some Neglected Social Costs of Government Spending in Farm Programs,†American Journal of Agricultural Economics www.internationalecon.com www.farmfoundation.org
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)